Composition comprising triclocarban or triclosan

ABSTRACT

A personal cleansing composition which comprises 
     a. a skin cleansing effective amount of a surfactant or mixture of surfactants, 
     b. a hydrophobic active component in quantities which brings about a perceived effect on the skin, said effect selected from the group consisting of skin conditioning, skin protection from irritants and antibacterial agents, 
     c. a hydrocarbon containing component, and 
     d. a cationic polymer 
     the quantities of c and d selected so that the effect on the skin by component b is enhanced over the additive effects of c and d alone.

This is a continuation of prior application Ser. No. 09/388,641 filedSep. 2, 1999 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,156,713 which is a continuation ofapplication Ser. No. 08/736,116 filed Oct. 24, 1996 now U.S. Pat. No.6,008,175 which claims priority from U.S. provisional Serial No.60/006,801 filed Nov. 3, 1995 which applications are incorporated hereinby reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Basic skin cleansing activities have been long addressed by the personalcare industry. Removing soil from the skin is a worldwide requirement ofthe consumer population that has been met by the available skincleansing products. The consumer population is now looking foradditional benefits beyond basic cleansing. Skin conditioning i.e.smoothness, texture, etc., is a desired characteristic and brought aboutthrough the presence of emollients in a basic skin cleansingcomposition. Additionally, the presence of components which bring aboutan antibacterial effect on the skin are now becoming ever moreacceptable and desirable by the consumer population.

In order for these effects to be perceived by the consumer or measurableto various degrees, there must be contact of the active ingredient whichbrings about the effect with the skin. Therefore, increased depositionof an active ingredient on the skin is certainly desirable since agreater effect should normally follow and less active ingredient may beemployed, thereby potentially reducing the cost of the formulation.

A new way of increasing the deposition of hydrophobic active ingredientsfrom skin cleansing compositions has been discovered. This provides bothliquid and solid skin cleansing compositions with the ability to delivergreater quantities of active ingredients to the skin during an ordinaryskin cleansing procedure and/or maintain them on the skin for a longerperiod of time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the invention, there is a personal cleansingcomposition which comprises

a. a skin cleansing effective amount of a surfactant or mixture ofsurfactants,

b. a hydrophobic active component in quantities which brings about aperceived effect on the skin, said effect selected from the groupconsisting of skin conditioning, skin protection from irritants andantibacterial agents,

c. a hydrocarbon containing component, and

d. a cationic polymer the quantities of c and d selected so that theeffect on the skin by component b is enhanced over the additive effectsof c and d alone.

Still further, there is a method for using the above identifiedcomposition for skin cleansing.

A further composition is a personal cleansing composition whichcomprises

a. about 9 to about 90 wt. % of a surfactant or mixture of surfactants,

b. about 0.01 to about 10 wt. % of a hydrophobic active component inquantities which brings about a perceived effect on the skin, saideffect selected from the group consisting of skin conditioning, skinprotection from irritants and antibacterial agents,

c. about 0.5 to about 5 wt. % of a hydrocarbon containing component, and

d. about 0.01 to about 3 wt. % of a cationic polymer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The compositions of this invention bring about an increased perceivedeffect on the skin from known positive skin affecting materials.Although not to be bound by this theory, it is believed that thisperceived effect is brought about through the increased deposition ofthe skin affecting material on the skin surface, or in suchjuxtaposition to the skin surface that the material has an opportunityto provide its effect. Thus, more of the material is available toperform its specific action. Additionally, the material may be held onthe surface of the skin or in juxtaposition to the skin for a longerperiod of time, thereby providing an effect for a greater duration oftime. Both of these effects may be present or only one. It is cleartherefore, that there are at least two parameters which are involved inthe increased perceived effect of the material on the skin. The firsteffect is the activity of the material, for example, the degree of skinconditioning, the reduced irritation of the skin and the reducedquantity of measurable bacteria present on the skin. The second effectis the duration of such activity as measured by time. This latter effectis particularly important for a product whose composition is designed tobe removed from the skin such as a facial and hand wash, a shower gel,and the like.

In line with the cleansing activity of the composition, there must be askin cleansing effective amount of a surfactant present in thecomposition. Soap, a long chain alkyl or alkenyl, branched or normalcarboxylic acid salt such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or substitutedammonium salt, can be present in the composition. Exemplary of longchain alkyl or alkenyl are from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms inlength, specifically about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms in length, morespecifically alkyl and most specifically normal, or normal with littlebranching. Small quantities of olefinic bond(s) may be present in thepredominantly alkyl sections, particularly if the source of the “alkyl”group is obtained from a natural product such as tallow, coconut oil andthe like.

Other surfactants can be present in the composition as well. Examples ofsuch surfactants are the anionic, amphoteric, nonionic and cationicsurfactants. Examples of anionic zwitterionic surfactants include butare not limited to alkyl sulfates, anionic acyl sarcosinates, methylacyl taurates, N-acyl glutamates, acyl isethionates, alkylsulfosuccinates, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylated alkyl phosphateesters, trideceth sulfates, protein condensates, mixtures of ethoxylatedalkyl sulfates and the like.

Alkyl chains for these surfactants are C₈-C₂₂, preferably C₁₀-C₁₈, morepreferably C₁₂-C₁₄.

Anionic nonsoap surfactants can be exemplified by the alkali metal saltsof organic sulfate having in their molecular structure an alkyl radicalcontaining from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a sulfonic acid orsulfuric acid ester radical (included in the term alkyl is the alkylportion of higher acyl radicals). Preferred are the sodium, ammonium,potassium or triethanolamine alkyl sulfates, especially those obtainedby sulfating the higher alcohols (C₈-C₁₈ carbon atoms), sodium coconutoil fatty acid monoglyceride sulfates and sulfonates; sodium orpotassium salts of sulfuric acid esters of the reaction product of 1mole of a higher fatty alcohol (e.g., tallow or coconut oil alcohols)and 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide; sodium or potassium salts of alkylphenol ethylene oxide ether sulfate with 1 to 10 units of ethylene oxideper molecule and in which the alkyl radicals contain from 8 to 12 carbonatoms, sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates; the reaction product offatty acids having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms esterified with isethionicacid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide; water soluble salts ofcondensation products of fatty acids with sarcosine; and others known inthe art.

Zwitterionic surfactants can be exemplified by those which can bebroadly described as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium,phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicalscan be straight chain or branched and wherein one of the aliphaticsubstituents contains from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one containsan anionic water-solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate,phosphate, or phosphonate. A general formula for these compounds is:

wherein R² contains an alkyl, alkenyl, or hydroxy alkyl radical of fromabout 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxidemoieties and from 0 to 1 glyceryl moiety; Y is selected from the groupconsisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur atoms; R3 is an alkyl ormonohydroxyalkyl group containing 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; X is 1 whenY is a sulfur atom and 2 when Y is a nitrogen or phosphorus atom, R⁴ isan alkylene or hydroxyalkylene of from 0 to about 4 carbon atoms and Zis a radical selected from the group consisting of carboxylate,sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate, and phosphate groups.

Examples include:4-[N,N-di(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-octadecylammonio]-butane-1-carboxylate;5-[S-3-hydroxypropyl-S-hexadecylsulfonio] -3 hydroxypentane-1-sulfate;3-[P,P-P-diethyl-P 3,6,9trioxatetradecyl-phosphonio]-2-hydroxypropane-1-phosphate;3-[N,N-dipropyl-N-3dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropylammonio]-propane-1-phosphonate;3-(N,N-di-methyl-N-hexadecylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate;3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio)-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate;4-(N,N-di(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2 hydroxydodecyl)ammonio]-butane-1-carboxylate;3-[S-ethyl-S-(3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyl)sulfonio]-propane-1-phosphate;3-(P,P-dimethyl-P-dodecylphosphonio)-propane-1-phosphonate; and5-[N,N-di(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-hexadecylammonio]-2-hydroxy-pentane-1-sulfate.

Examples of amphoteric surfactants which can be used in the compositionsof the present invention are those which can be broadly described asderivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which thealiphatic radical can be straight chain or branched and wherein one ofthe aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbonatoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group, e.g.,carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Examples ofcompounds falling within this definition are sodium3-dodecylaminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropane sulfonate,N-alkyltaurines, such as the one prepared by reacting dodecylamine withsodium isethionate according to the teaching of U.S. Pat. No.2,658,072,N-higher alkyl aspartic acids, such as those produced according to theteaching of U.S. Pat. No. 2,438,091, and the products sold under thetrade name “Miranol” and described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,528,378. Otheramphoterics such as betaines are also useful in the present composition.

Examples of betaines useful herein include the high alkyl betaines suchas coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, 1 auryl dimethyl carboxy-methylbetaine, lauryl dimethyl alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, cetyl dimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carboxy methylbetaine, stearyl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl) carboxymethyl betaine, oleyldimethyl gamma-carboxypropyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydro-xypropyl)alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, etc. The sulfobetaines may be represented bycoco dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, stearyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine,amido betaines, amidosulfobetaines, and the like.

Many cationic surfactants are known to the art. By way of example, thefollowing may be mentioned:

stearyldimenthylbenzyl ammonium chloride;

dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride;

nonylbenzylethyldimethyl ammonium nitrate;

tetradecylpyridinium bromide;

laurylpyridinium chloride;

cetylpyridinium chloride

laurylpyridinium chloride;

laurylisoquinolium bromide;

ditallow(Hydrogenated)dimethyl ammonium chloride;

dilauryldimethyl ammonium chloride; and

stearalkonium chloride.

Additional cationic surfactants are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,303,543see column 4, lines 58 and column 5, lines 1-42, incorporated herein byreferences. Also see CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 4th Edition1991, pages 509-514 for various long chain alkyl cationic surfactants;incorporated herein by references.

Nonionic surfactants can be broadly defined as compounds produced by thecondensation of alkylene oxide groups (hydrophilic in nature) with anorganic hydrophobic compound, which may be aliphatic or alkyl aromaticin nature. Examples of preferred classes of nonionic surfactants are:

1. The polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols, e.g., thecondensation products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containingfrom about 6 to 12 carbon atoms in either a straight chain or branchedchain configuration, with ethylene oxide, the said ethylene oxide beingpresent in amounts equal to 10 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide per mole ofalkyl phenol. The alkyl substituent in such compounds may be derivedfrom polymerized propylene, diisobutylene, octane, or nonane, forexample.

2. Those derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with theproduct resulting from the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine products which may be varied in composition depending upon thebalance between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic elements which isdesired. For example, compounds containing from about 40% to about 80%polyoxyethylene by weight and having a molecular weight of from about5,000 to about 11,000 resulting from the reaction of ethylene oxidegroups with a hydrophobic base constituted of the reaction product ofethylene diamine and excess propylene oxide, said base having amolecular weight of the order of 2,500 to 3,000, are satisfactory.

3. The condensation product of aliphatic alcohols having from 8 to 18carbon atoms, in either straight chain or branched chain configurationwith ethylene oxide, e.g., a coconut alcohol ethylene oxide condensatehaving from 10 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of coconutalcohol, the coconut alcohol fraction having from 10 to 14 carbon atoms.Other ethylene oxide condensation products are ethoxylated fatty acidesters of polyhydric alcohols (e.g., Tween 20-polyoxyethylene (20)sorbitan monolaurate).

4. Long chain tertiary amine oxides corresponding to the followinggeneral formula:

R₁R₂R₃N0

 wherein R₁ contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxy alkyl radical offrom about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxidemoieties, and from 0 to 1 glyceryl moiety, and, R₂ and R₃ contain from 1to about 3 carbon atoms and from 0 to about 1 hydroxy group, e.g.,methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxy ethyl, or hydroxy propyl radicals. Thearrow in the formula is a conventional representation of a semipolarbond. Examples of amine oxides suitable for use in this inventioninclude dimethyldodecylamine oxide, oleyl-di(2-hydroxyethyl) amineoxide, dimethyloctylamine oxide, dimethyldecylamine oxide,dimethyltetradecylamine oxide, 3,6,9 trioxaheptadecyldiethylamine oxide,di(2-hydroxyethyl)-tetradecylamine oxide, 2-dodecoxyethyidimethylamineoxide, 3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyldi(3-hydroxypropyl)amine oxide,dimethylhexadecylamine oxide.

5. Long chain tertiary phosphine oxides corresponding to the followinggeneral formula:

RR′R″P0

 wherein R contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxyalkyl radicalranging from 8 to 20 carbon atoms in chain length, from 0 to about 10ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to 1 glyceryl moiety and R′and R″ areeach alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl groups containing from 1 to 3 carbonatoms. The arrow in the formula is a conventional representation of asemipolar bond. Examples of suitable phosphine oxides are:dodecyldimethylphosphine oxide, tetradecylmethylethylphosphine oxide,3,6,9-trioxaoctadecyldimethylphosphine oxide, cetyldimethylphosphineoxide, 3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyldi(2-hydroxyethyl) phosphine oxidestearyldimethylphosphine oxide, cetylethyl propylphosphine oxide,oleyldiethylphosphine oxide, dodecyldiethylphosphine oxide,tetradecyldiethylphosphine oxide, dodecyldipropylphosphine oxide,dodecyldi(hydroxymethyl)phosphine oxide,dodecyldi(2-hydroxyethyl)phosphine oxide,tetradecylmethyl-2-hydroxypropylphosphine oxide, oleyldimethylphosphineoxide, 2-hydroxydodecyldimethylphosphine oxide.

6. Long chain dialkyl sulfoxides containing one short chain alkyl orhydroxy alkyl radical of 1 to about 3 carbon atoms (usually methyl) andone long hydrophobic chain which contain alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxy alkyl,or keto alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms,from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to 1 glycerylmoiety. Examples include: octadecyl methyl sulfoxide, 2-ketotridecylmethyl sulfoxide, 3,6,9-trioxaoctadecyl 2-hydroxyethyl sulfoxide,dodecyl methyl sulfoxide, oleyl 3-hydroxypropyl sulfoxide, tetradecylmethyl sulfoxide, 3 methoxytridecylmethyl sulfoxide, 3-hydroxytridecylmethyl sulfoxide, 3-hydroxy-4-dodecoxybutyl methyl sulfoxide.

Any quantity of surfactant or mixture of surfactant which brings about askin cleansing effect can be employed in the composition of thisinvention. Generally, at least about 1 wt. % of the composition shouldbe surfactant (a). Preferred minimums of at least about 3, 5, 7, 10, 20and 30 wt. % surfactant(s) can be present in the composition. Maximumquantities of surfactant(s) depends upon the physical mixture of thecomposition being employed as well as the amount of components b, c andd therein. Generally, no more than about 95-97 wt. % surfactant(s) arepresent, specifically no more than about 90 wt. % surfactant(s). Maximumquantities of about 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 85 wt. %surfactant(s) can also be readily employed.

Component b is the hydrophobic material which provides the perceivedeffect to the skin. As used in this specification “hydrophobic” means amaterial which is more lipid soluble, that is non aqueous soluble, thanaqueous soluble. It is preferred that the materials have littlesolubility in water and are essentially nonionic in character as opposedto ionic. Examples of such materials include but are not limited toemollients, antimicrobial agents, sunscreens, fragrances, insectrepellents, anti fungal agents, and anti inflammatory agents.

Illustrative examples of emollients which are included within thisinvention are the long chain saturated or unsaturated fatty acids suchas lauric, oleic, myristic, palmitic, stearic, branched as well asnormal, silicones such as dimethyl silicones, methyl phenyl silicones,methyl higher alkyl silicones with the second alkyl group up to about 25carbon atoms propoxylated silicones, all the silicones having a minimumviscosity of about 15,0000 centistoke, preferably about 40,000centistoke and a maximum viscosity wherein the silicone remains fluidand is not yet a gum, lanolins, esters such as branched esters, forexample, ethylhexyl palmitate, isopropyl stearate, isopropylmyristate,hexadecyl isodecyl or isopropyl ester of adipic, lactic, oleic, stearic,isostearic, myristic or linoleic acids; saturated and unsaturated fattyalcohols such as squalane and squalane, behenyl alcohol, hexadecanol;long chain esters such as stearylstearate, decylpalmitate,dodecyleicosanate and the like. Silicone gums are specifically excludedfrom this composition.

Examples of antibacterial agents which can be employed are thedicarbanilides, for example, triclocarban also known astrichlorocarbanilide CAS No. 101-20-2, triclosan, a halogenateddiphenylether having CAS No. 3380-34-5, generally available as DP-300from Ciba-Geigy; hexachlorophene, 3,4,5-tribromosalicylanilide, andsalts of 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide.

Organic sunscreens which act to ameliorate the effects of ultravioletradiation on the skin can also be present in the composition.Illustrative examples of such materials include but are not limited tobenzophenone, p-aminobenzoic acid, and octyldimethylparaamino benzoate.

The delivery system which brings about the enhanced deposition of theactive hydrophobic skin affecting component b of the composition is acombination of the hydrocarbon containing component, c, and a cationicpolymer, d.

Component c can be a typical hydrocarbonaceous material such as a wax,petrolatum, mineral oil, beeswax, a “permethyl” made up of longer chainbranched hydrocarbons available from Permethyl Corporation. Permethylsare of the general formula

where n can vary from about 4 to over 200. Products where n=4, 16, 38,214, respectively, are marketed as Permethyl 102A,104A, 106A and 1082A.

The petrolatum useful in the present invention can be any grade of whiteor yellow petrolatum recognized in the art as suitable for humanapplication. Preferred petrolatum are those with a melting point in arange of from about 35° C. to about 500° C. The petrolatum of thecomposition can include hydrocarbon mixtures formulated with mineral oiland/or in combination with paraffin waxes of various melting points; allin small quantities compared to the petrolatum. A petrolatum withoutadditional materials is preferred. Examples of waxes, particularlyuseful in solid compositions are microcrystalline waxes, generally thosewaxes which are known as paraffin wax, beeswax, and natural waxesderived from vegetables.

Cationic polymers is that generic class of materials which generallyprovide a positive skin feel to the skin during cleansing application,rinse off, and thereafter.

Cationic polymers includes but are not limited to the following groups:

(1) cationic polysaccharides;

(11) cationic copolymers of saccharides and synthetic cationic monomers,and

(111) synthetic polymers selected from the group consisting of:

(A) cationic polyalkylene imines

(B) cationic ethoxy polyalkylene imines

(C) cationicpoly[N-[3-(dimethylammonio)propyl]-N′[3-(ethyleneoxyethylenedimethylammonio)propyl]urea dichloride]

(D) in general a polymer having a quaternary ammonium or substitutedammonium ion.

The cationic polysaccharide class encompasses those polymers based on 5or 6 carbon sugars and derivatives which have been made cationic byengrafting of cationic moieties onto the polysaccharide backbone. Theymay be composed of one type of sugar or of more than one type, i.e.copolymers of the above derivatives and cationic materials. The monomersmay be in straight chain or branched chain geometric arrangements.Cationic polysaccharide polymers include the following: cationiccelluloses and hydroxyethylcelluloses; cationic starches andhydroxyalkyl starches; cationic polymers based on arabinose monomerssuch as those which could be derived from arabinose vegetable gums;cationic polymers derived from xylose polymers found in materials suchas wood, straw, cottonseed hulls, and corn cobs; cationic polymersderived from fucose polymers found as a component of cell walls inseaweed; cationic polymers derived from fructose polymers such as Inulinfound in certain plants; cationic polymers based on acid-containingsugars such as galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid; cationic polymersbased on amine sugars such as galactosamine and glucosamine; cationicpolymers based on 5 and 6 membered ring polyalcohols; cationic polymersbased on galactose monomers which occur in plant gums and mucilages;cationic polymers based on mannose monomers such as those found inplants, yeasts, and red algae; cationic polymers based on galactommannancopolymer known as guar gum obtained from the endosperm of the guarbean.

Specific examples of members of the cationic polysaccharide classinclude the cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose JR 400 made by Union CarbideCorporation; the cationic starches Stalok® 100, 200, 300, and 400 madeby Staley, Inc.; the cationic galactomannans based on guar gum of theGalactasol 800 series by Henkel, Inc. and the Jaguar Series by CelaneseCorporation.

The cationic copolymers of saccharides and synthetic cationic monomersuseful in the present invention encompass those containing the followingsaccharides: glucose, galactose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, fucose,fructose, glucosamine, galactosamine, glucuronic acid, galacturonicacid, and 5 or 6 membered ring polyalcohols. Also included arehydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl derivatives of the abovesugars. When saccharides are bonded to each other in the copolymers,they may be bonded via any of several arrangements, such as 1,4-a;1,4-β; 1,3-a; 1,3β and 1,6 linkages. The synthetic cationic monomers foruse in these copolymers can include dimethyidiallylammonium chloride,dimethylaminoethylmethyacrylate, diethyldiallylammonium chloride,N,N-diallyl,N-N-dialklyl ammonium halides, and the like. A preferredcationic polymer is Polyquaternium 7 prepared withdimethyldialkylammonium chloride and acrylamide monomers.

Examples of members of the class of copolymers of saccharides andsynthetic cationic monomers include those composed of cellulosederivatives (e.g. hydroxyethyl cellulose) and N,N-diallyl,N-N-dialkylammonium chloride available from National Starch Corporation under thetradename Celquat.

Further cationic synthetic polymers useful in the present invention arecationic polyalkylene imines, ethoxypolyalkelene imines, andpoly{N-[3-(dimethylammonio)-propyl]-N′-[3-(ethyleneoxyethylenedimethylammoniumo)propyl]urea dichloride] the latter of which isavailable form Miranol Chemical Company, Inc. under the trademark ofMiranol A-15, CAS Reg. No. 68555-336-2. Preferred cationic polymericskin conditioning agents of the present invention are those cationicpolysaccharides of the cationic guar gum class with molecular weights of1,000 to 3,000,000. More preferred molecular weights are from 2,500 to350,000. These polymers have a polysaccharide backbone comprised ofgalactomannan units and a degree of cationic substitution ranging fromabout 0.04 per anydroglucose unit to about 0.80 per anydroglucose unitwith the substituent cationic group being the adduct of2,3-epoxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride to the naturalpolysaccharide backbone. Examples are JAGUAR C-14-S, C-15 and C-17 soldby Celanese Corporation, which trade literature reports have 1%viscosities of from 125 cps to about 3500±500 cps.

Still further examples of cationic polymers include the polymerizedmaterials such as certain quaternary ammonium salts, copolymers ofvarious materials such as hydroxyethyl cellulose and dialkyldimethylammonium chloride, acrylamide and beta methacryloxyethyl trimethylammonium methosulfate, the quaternary ammonium salt of methyl andstearyl dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with dimethylsulfate, quaternary ammonium polymer formed by the reaction of diethylsulfate, a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate, quaternized guars and guar gums and the like.Exemplary of cationic polymers which can be used to make the complexesof this invention include, as disclosed in the CTFA InternationalCosmetic Ingredient Dictionary (Fourth Edition, 1991, pages 46-464);Polyquaternium -1, -2, -4 (a copolymer of hydroxyethylcellulose anddiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride), -5 (the copolymer of acrylamide andbeta-methacrylyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium methosulfate), -6 (a polymerof dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride), -7 (the polymeric quaternaryammonium salt of acrylamide and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloridemonomers, -8 (the polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of methyl andstearyl dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with dimethylsulfate), -9 (the polymeric quaternary ammonium salt ofpolydimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with methyl bromide),-10 (a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulosereacted with a trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide), -11 (aquaternary ammonium polymer formed by the reaction of diethyl sulfateand a copolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate), -12 (a polymeric quaternary ammonium saltprepared by the reaction of ethyl methacrylate/abietylmethacrylate/diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer with dimethylsulfate), -13 (a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt prepared by thereaction of ethyl methacrylate/oleyl methacrylate/diethylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymer with dimethyl sulfate), -14, -15 (the copolymerof acrylamide and betamethacrylyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride),-16 (a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt formed frommethylvinylimidazolium chloride and vinylpyrrolidone), -17, -18, -19(polymeric quaternary ammonium salt prepared by the reaction ofpolyvinyl alcohol with 2,3-epoxy-propylamine), -20 (the polymericquaternary ammonium salt prepared by the reaction of polyvinyl octadecylether with 2,3-epoxypropylamine), -22, -24 a polymeric quaternaryammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a lauryl dimethylammonium substituted epoxide), -27 (the block copolymer formed by thereaction of Polyquaternium-2 (q.v.) with Polyquaternium-17 (q.v.)), -28,-29 (is Chitosan (q.v.) that has been reacted with propylene oxide andquaternized with epichlorohydrin), and -30.

The preferred surfactant is an anionic surfactant such as soap,alklyisethionate such as sodium cocoylisethionate, a sulfonate, asulfate (optionally ethoxylated) and the like.

The anionic surfactant can be present in the composition in variouspreferred quantities beyond those general quantities previouslydiscussed for all surfactants of from about 1 to about 96 wt. %,specifically about 5 to about 85 wt. %. With respect to liquid,preferably aqueous, compositions, the anionic surfactant is from about 2to about 20 wt. % of the composition, specifically about 5 to about 15wt. %. For a solid composition, the anionic surfactant can be from about5 to about 90 wt. %, preferably from about 10 to about 50 wt. % for a“syndet” bar, about 55 to about 80 wt. % for a “combar”, and about 70 toabout 90 wt. %, more preferably about 75 to about 85 wt. % in a solidcomposition wherein there is only one anionic surfactant therein, suchas soap.

The quantity of component b, the hydrophobic agent, varies considerablydepending upon the function it carries out in the composition.Quantities of from about 0.01 to about 10 wt. % of the composition canbe employed as long as there is a perceived skin affect. Generally, thelesser ranges are directed to materials which are effective in very lowquantities such as the antibacterial agents. For example, both triclosanand trichlorocarbanilide are effective at quantities of from about 0.01to about 1.5 wt. % of a composition, preferably a solid composition.Preferred quantities of these materials are from about 0.05 to about 1.4wt. %, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 1.0 wt. %. At the higherend of the wt. % range are generally grouped materials which are used inquantities of about 1.0 to about 10 wt. % such as free fatty acid andesters, particularly in a solid composition. Preferred ranges are fromabout 2 to about 8 wt. %. Hydrophobic agents useful in the broad rangeare materials such as silicones, preferably dimethylsiloxane with aminimum viscosity of about 15,000, preferably about 40,000 centistokes.The silicones are preferably employed in solid compositions and not onlycan bring about a better “skin feel” but also bring about a measurable,real protection of the skin through the conservation of water in theskin. Quantities of silicones are from about 0.5 to about 10 wt. % ofthe composition, preferably about 0.75 to about 4 wt. % and morepreferably about 1.0 to about 3.0 wt. % of the composition.

Component c of the composition is the hydrocarbon containing materialwhich together with component d, the cationic polymer, brings about anincreased perceived effect of the component b material on the skin. Itis believed that the increased perceived effectiveness is due to theincreased deposition component c onto the skin. Various components canbe used as component c in this invention. For example, such materialsinclude petrolatums, microcrystalline waxes, paraffin waxes, permethylsas previously described. Microcrystalline waxes are well known materialswell described in numerous references. Petrolatums are preferred in thecompositions of this invention, particularly solid compositions. Theseare mixtures of hydrocarbons with various softening points or ranges.The quantity of component c can vary from about 0.1 to about 10 wt. % ofthe composition. Generally, from about 0.25 to about 4 wt. % ispreferred.

Component d is the cationic polymer. Most preferred cationic polymerfamilies are the non cellulosic, non sugar containing cationic polymers,for example, those designated as Polyquat 6 and Polyquat 7 in the CTFAInternational Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 4th edition 1991,respectively polymeric dimethyl diallylammonium chloride and thepolymeric quaternary ammonium salt of acrylamide and dimethyl diallylammonium chloride. The quantity of the cationic polymer is an effectiveamount together with the component c material to bring about an improvedperceived skin effect. In general, quantities of from about 0.01 toabout 3.0 wt. % of the composition is cationic polymer, preferably fromabout 0.02 to about 0.9 wt. % and most preferably from about 0.05 toabout 0.75 wt. %. In general, it is preferred that the quantities ofcomponents c and d together bring about a greater perceived effect thanthat effect achieved with component c alone and component d alone.

The physical nature of the composition is not critical and can be asolid, liquid or gel. If a solid, it is preferred that the component bis a silicone. The amount of moisture in the solid can be about 6 toabout 22 wt. %. The compositions are in general made by standard skincleansing composition techniques. However, in order to maximize thebenefit received from the inventive composition, it is preferred to mixcomponent b, c and d together initially before having any of thesecomponents in contact with any other materials present in thecomposition, particularly component a. It is most preferred to mixcomponents b and c and then add the component d to the mixture of b andc. As a further illustration, when making a solid composition such as abar, it is preferred to add the b, c and d premanufactured mixture toone or more of the other materials of the composition in an amalgamator,particularly when component b is a silicone or an antibacterial agent.With respect to temperature at the time of addition, it is preferred toadd at the amalgamation step at about 20-30° C., essentially roomtemperature, but can be done at a higher temperature such as about80-85° C. in a crutcher, particularly when a silicone is employed ascomponent c.

Below is a standard method of preparation for the invention when a solidcomposition is desired.

Solid Composition Wt. % Soap Chips 94.82% (85/15, tallow/coco soap 10%moisture) TCC 0.7% Petrolatum 1.4% Polyquat 7 (8% active) 1.4% CitricAcid (50% soln.) 0.15% TIO2 0.5% Preservatives and fragrance 1.03%

TCC is dispersed in petrolatum and Polyquat 7 is then added. Thismixture is added to the soap chips in an amalgamator at 25-28° C.,followed by titanium dioxide, preservatives and fragrance. The soapchips are milled three times, plodded and pressed into soap bars.

Below is a standard method of preparation when a liquid composition isdesired.

Liquid Composition Part 1 SLES-2 (25.6%) 9.0% Preservative 0.1% SodiumCumene Sulfonate (43%) 7.0% Part 2 Anti dandruff agent 0.5%Cocoamidopropyl Betaine (30%) 9.0% Polyquat 6 (40%) 1.0% Polyquat 7 (8%)1.0% Part 3 Isosteareth-2 0.8% C-20-40 alcohol 4.0% DistearyldimethylAmmonium 0.5% Chloride Permethyl-106A 2.0% DP-300 1.0% Part 4 SodiumPhosphate Dibasic 0.2% Dimethicone 60,000 cSt 4.0% Preservative 1.0%Fragrance 0.5% Water Q.S.

Procedure:

All the ingredients in part 1 are mixed at 20-25° C. The mixture is thenheated to 85-90° C. and the components in part 2 are added stepwise topart 1 while maintaining the temperature. The ingredients of part 3 aremixed separately and the mixture is heated to 90-92° C. until thesolution turns clear/hazy. This mixture is then added to a combinationof part 1 and 2. This is followed by the addition of sodium phosphatedibasic and dimethicone at 75° C. and preservative and fragrance at 35°C. to part 1, 2 and 3.

Below are examples of the invention. Comparison examples of theinvention and control experiments are also included. These examples areintended to illustrate the scope of the invention and are not intendedto unduly limit the scope of the invention.

In the examples below, the following abbreviations are used:

TCC—Triclocarban, CAS No. 101-20-2,N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N′-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea

DP300 —Triclosan, CAS No. 3380-34-5,5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol

Permethyl 4a—the polyisobutene of the prior formula in the specificationwherein n is 16.

Polyquat 6—a polymer of dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride. Present incompositions as a 40 wt. % active in water.

Polyquat 7—a copolymer of acrylamide and dimethyl diallylammoniumchloride monomers. Present in compositions as an 8 wt. % active inwater.

Petrolatum snow white, CAS Number 8009-03-8.

Soap—the sodium salt of fatty acids derived from tallow and/or vegetableoil in certain weight percents.

Silicone—a dimethylpolysiloxane having a viscosity of abut 60,000centistokes.

Following is the methodology employed in the test system(s) used in theExamples below:

Deposition on Pig Skin Materials and Methods

Skin Sample:

Full-thickness skin from 3-6 month old male Yucatan swine was obtained.The animals were raised under controlled environmental conditions andfed a special diet to maintain a relatively constant stratum corneumlipid composition. The skin was carefully removed from the euthanizedanimal by a veterinarian and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen.

The frozen skin was allowed to thaw to room temperature prior to carefulremoval of the subcutaneous fat using a sharp scalpel. The tissue wasrinsed with “millipore” water, water of ultra purity, and cut intosquares of approximately 1.5 sq. in. The skin then wrapped in plasticwrap and frozen until required.

Preparation of Soap Samples:

A soap chip was pre-milled through a laboratory scale 3-roll mill. Theadditives were added to the soap chip and mixed well. The soap chip wasthen milled three times through a 3-roll mill to ensure a uniformproduct. Soap solutions (5%) were prepared using the milled soap chipand water having 100 ppm of hardness [Ca,Mg].

Sample Stage:

A specially designed metallic sample stage as substantially shown anddescribed in Hilliard (Clairol) U.S. Pat. No. 4,836,014 was used fortreatment of the skin samples. The sample stage allows simultaneoustreatment of twelve samples with a uniform area of skin exposed totreatment (about 5.72 cm²). The bottom plate consists of twelve wellswith twelve corresponding wells on the top plate. The sample stage isheld together via wing-nut screws.

Experimental Procedure:

The skins were removed from the freezer and allowed to defrost at roomtemperature for approximately 0.5 hour. Once defrosted, the skins wererinsed with several milliliters of ultrapure water. The skins were thenmounted on the sample stage with the stratum corneum facing up andclamped tightly into place.

The following procedure was employed for deposition of silicone, TCC andDP-300:

Two milliliters of the 5% (by weight) soap solutions were pipetted ontoeach skin specimen. The entire sample stage was covered with aluminumfoil to prevent evaporation during treatment. The sample stage wasplaced in a temperature-controlled shaker (Lab-Line Instruments)equilibrated at the desired temperature (500° C. for 93 wt. % soap, 7wt. % free fatty acid, 60 wt. % of the soap derived from tallow and 40wt. % of the soap derived from coconut oil abbreviated as 60/40/17 and600° C. for 85/15 soap bases wherein 85 wt. % is derived from tallow and15 wt. % is derived from coconut oil with no additional free fattyacid). The speed of rotation was set to 50 rpm and the specimens weretreated for 1 hour. Following treatment, the soap solutions werepipetted off the skin specimens and each specimen was then rinsed threetimes with 1.5 ml aliquots of ultrapure water.

Silicone deposition on the skin specimens was determined by thefollowing procedure: 1.5 ml aliquots of kerosene were added to eachspecimen and were subsequently treated for 5 minutes in thetemperature-controlled shaker equilibrated at 250° C. and set to ashaker speed of 75 rpm for five minutes. Following treatment, thesolutions were pipetted off each specimen and into vials. These siliconeextractions were repeated two additional times and extraction solutionscombined for a given specimen. Silicone concentrations were determinedby ICP (inductively Coupled Argon Plasma) analysis.

The procedure for extracting TCC and DP-300 from the skin specimens wasthe same as that for silicone with the following modifications: 1hexane: 1 chloroform: 2 isopropanol (by volume) was used in place ofkerosene to extract the antibacterial actives from the specimens.Treatment times were decreased from 5 minutes to 3 minutes to minimizeevaporation of the solvent system. A total of 4 extractions instead of 3for the silicone were performed for each specimen. TCC and DP-300concentrations of the extracts were determined by UV absorptionspectroscopy using 265 nm=0.14289 ppm⁻¹ cm⁻¹ for TCC and 280 nm=0.01553ppm⁻¹ cm⁻¹ for DP-300.

Additionally, studies were performed to assure that silicone, TCC andDP-300 could be recovered from the skin specimens at concentrationscomparable to those deposited. The procedure for these recovery studieswas as follows: 0.5 ml of 0.25% soap solutions were pipetted onto eachspecimen. The specimens were not covered with aluminum foil during the 1hour treatment period. Extraction of the silicone, TCC. or DP-300 wasperformed as described above immediately following treatment, withoutrinsing the specimens with water.

Procedure for Deposition of TCC. or DP-300 onto Wool Substrates

Soap solutions (5-5.9%) were prepared on low heat so as to avoid TCCdecomposition. Generally, soap solution temperatures of 50° C. andheating times greater than 30 minutes were not exceeded. Wool swatches(48 cm²) were immersed in soap solutions. Solutions were placed in anoven, equilibrated to 40-45° C., for 2 hours or alternativelytemperatures of 20-25° C. for 15 minutes. Following treatment, liquidwas decanted from solution jar and swatches were rinsed with a 100 mlaliquot of ultrapure water. Two additional rinses were performed with a5 minute stirring. Tweezers were used to remove swatches from jar andleft to dry overnight.

TCC or DP-300 was extracted from the dried swatches by adding 50g of 2isopropanol: 1 hexane: 1 chloroform (by volume) to each swatch andstirring for 15 minutes. Swatches were removed and concentrations of TCCor DP-300 were determined using UV absorption spectroscopy as describedpreviously.

Product Compositions for Examples 1, 4, and 5 Ingredient Weight % SoapChip (85/15 Tallow/Coco) 96.5 10% moisture TCC 0.7 Delivery System 2.8

Soap Chip Compositions for Example 6 Ingredient Wt. % Soap Chips - 1Soap 83 (60/40, tallow/Coco) Free Fatty Acids 7 Water 10 100 SoapChips - 2 Soap 90 (85/15, tallow/coco) H₂O 10 100

EXAMPLE 1

Deposition of TCC onto a wool swatch after a two hour contact time(40-45° C.) with 5.9 wt. % product solution mg TCC/sq. cm. DeliverySystem Wool Swatch Polyquat 6 (2.8 wt. %) 1.77 Polyquat 7 (2.8 wt. %)5.7 Permethyl No. 104A (2.8 wt. %) 6.4 Permethyl No. 104A (1.4 wt.%)/polyquat 6 (1.4 4.7 wt. %) Permethyl No. 104A (1.4 wt. %)/polyquat 7(1.4 9.1 wt. %)

EXAMPLE 2

Deposition of DP-300 onto a wool swatch at 20-25° C. after a fifteenminute contact time from a mixture of 5 wt. % soap solution, 0.7 wt. %DP-300 and 2.8 wt. % delivery system mg DP-300 Deposited/sq. DeliverySystem cm. wool Swatch Permethyl No. 104A (2.8 wt %) 89.87(Polyisobutene) Polyquat 6 (2.8 wt. %) 44 Polyquat 7 (2.8 wt. %) 251Permethyl No. 104A (1.4 wt. %)/Polyquat 6 557 (1.4 wt. %)

EXAMPLE 3

Deposition of TCC onto a wool swatch at 20-25° C. after a fifteen minutecontact time from a mixture of 5 wt. % soap solution, 0.7 wt. % TCC and2.8 wt. % delivery system mg TCC/sq. cm. Delivery System Wool SwatchPermethyl No. 104A (2.8 wt. %) 116 Polyquat 6 (2.8 wt. %) 111 PermethylNo. 104A (1.4 wt. %) and 416 Polyquat 6 (1.4 wt. %)

EXAMPLE 4

TCC Deposition Results Pig Skin Studies Deposition of TCC (60° C.) from5.0 wt. % Product Solution Deposition of TCC Delivery System (mg TCC/cm²pig skin) Petrolatum (2.8 wt. %) 12.7 ± 2.3 Polyquat 7 (2.8 wt. %) 29.2± 3.1 Petrolatum (1.4 wt. %)/Polyquat 7 (1.4 wt. %) 40.0 ± 2.6

EXAMPLE 5

TCC Deposition Results Wool Binding Method Deposition of TCC (45° C.)from 5.0 wt. % Product Solution Deposition of TCC (mg TCC/cm² woolDelivery System swatch) Permethyl No. 104A (2.8 wt. %) 1.7 ± 0.2Polyquat 6 (2.8 wt. %) 1.8 ± 0.4 Polyquat 7 (2.8 wt. %) 4.2 ± 1.3Permethyl No. 104A (1.4 wt. %)/ 4.6 ± 1.2 Polyquat 6 (1.4 wt. %)Permethyl No. 104A (1.4 wt. %)/ 9.1 ± 0.5 Polyquat 7 (1.4 wt. %)Petrolatum (1.4 wt. %)/ 13.1 ± 3.9  Polyquat 7 (1.4 wt. %)

Example 6

Silicone Deposition Results on Pig Skin ug dimethi- # ug dimethiconecone per 1 Sample Samples per skin sample cm² of skin Soap Chips 1 (95wt. %) 3 17.1 +/− 2.1^(a)  3.0 plus 5 wt. % dimethicone Soap Chips 1 (92wt. %) plus 3 52.0 +/− 18.3^(b) 9.1 5 wt. % dimethicone plus 1.5 wt. %Polyquat 7 and 1.5 wt. % Permethyl 104A Soap Chips 2 (95 wt. %) plus 435.4 +/− 15.1^(a) 6.2 5 wt. % dimethicone Soap Chips 2 (92 wt. %) plus 494.0 +/− 29.4^(b) 16.4 5 wt. % dimethicone plus 1.5 wt. % Polyquat 7 and1.5 wt. % Permethyl 104A Soap Chips 2 (93 wt. %) plus 4 43.8 +/−11.9^(a) 7.7 2.5 wt. % dimethicone plus 1.5 wt. % Polyquat 7 and 1.5 wt.% Permethyl 104A Soap Chips 2 (94.5 wt. %) 3 62.5 +/− 12.4^(a) 10.9 plus2.5 wt. % dimethicone plus 1.5 wt. % Polyquat 7 and 1.5 wt. % Permethyl104A Soap Chips 2 (93 wt. %) plus 3 109.5 +/− 16.5^(b)  19.2 2.5 wt. %dimethicone plus 3.0 wt. % Polyquat 7 and 1.5 wt. % Permethyl 104A^(a,b)indicate a significant difference Dimethicone is dimethylsiloxaneof viscosity 60,000 centistokes.

Further testing is conducted with a composition comprising soapconsisting of 85 wt. % derived from a tallow base carboxylic acid and 15wt. % from a coconut oil based carboxylic acid and 10 wt. % water with alimited amount of preservatives, fragrances and the like also present.

The test compositions are prepared by adding a superfatting agent suchas citric acid or phosphoric acid, a hydrophobic agent, such asdimethicone, a hydrocarbonaceous material such as petrolatum, and acationic polymer such as Polyquat 6, to the desired wt. % levels basedupon the final bar weight. When utilizing dimethicone(dimethylpolysiloxane) at a viscosity of 60,000 centistokes, petrolatum,citric acid or phosphoric acid and Polyquat 6, the preferred quantitiesof each are respectively 1 wt. %, 3.5 wt. %, 1 wt. % generated superfatand 0.6 wt. % Polyquat 6 (40% active).

Bars are prepared with the final preferred composition together with aseries of fragrances. Control bars are prepared with the same series offragrances but without the dimethicone, petrolatum and Polyquat packagebut with or without 1 wt. % generated superfat. Upon in vivo testing,the bars of the invention surprisingly show increased intensity of thefragrance upon aging in comparison to the control. Additionally,enhanced character and bloom is present for the bar of the invention incomparison to the control bar. By character is generally meant less odorfrom animal based soaps thereby providing less distortion of thefragrance and maintenance of the consistency of the fragrance aroma.Enhanced bloom indicates that both the “top note” and the “bottom notes”of the fragrances are continually sensed.

Further testing of the sensory package alone (dimethicone, petrolatumand Polyquat 6) both in vitro and in vivo, as well as bars containingthe package as opposed to a control bar without the package and without1% superfat, establishes advantages. For example, a neat mixture ofdimethicone (60,000 centistokes), petrolatum and Polyquat 6 in weightratio, respectively, of 1:2:0.6 inhibits climatic induced dryness aswell as inhibits the loss of Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF) in invitro testing.

The procedure which one follows for measuring climatic induced drynessis the following:

Untreated pig skins are used as controls. Pig skins are kept at 10°C./17% relative humidity for one hour. Baseline conductance measurementsare taken by SKICON meter. Neat actives are applied (2 mg/sq. cm) of pigskin at room temperature. The samples are equilibrated for one hour atroom temperature. After 24 hours at 100° C./17%, conductance values aremeasured by a SKICON conductance meter.

Substantial increases in conductance are observed indicating thatclimatic induced dryness is substantially inhibited.

The procedure which one follows for the measurement of the inhibition ofNMF (amino acids, urea, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, inorganicions) extraction is the following:

The neat active mixture is applied to pig skin at 2 mg/sq. cm. After onehour skins are treated with 2 ml of 1% 85/15 soap solution at 45° C.,with shaking for 15 minutes. Nontreated pig skin (no neat mixture) istreated with soap in the same manner. The soap solutions are removed andanalyzed for amino acids and urea by a fluorescent assay similar to thatdescribed in M. Kawal and G. Imokawa, J. Soc. Cosmetic Chem., 35,147-156 (1984). The assay shows the treated pig skin has far less lossof NMF than the pig skin which did not have the package of dimethicone,petrolatum and Polyquat.

A further in vitro test using the bar of the invention to show thedeposition of hydrophobic material through the inhibition of dye uptakein comparison to the control bar is demonstrated by the following testprocedure:

Pig skins are washed four times with invention bar (30 second rub, 30second lather, 15 second rinse). A 1 cm diameter filter paper disc isplaced in a 1% solution of D&C. Red #28 dye. The disc is immediatelyapplied to the pig skin and rinsed for 15 seconds. The remaining dye onskin is removed with kimwipe. The color of skin is recorded with aMinolta Chromameter. The steps are repeated on fresh pig skin using thecontrol bar. The dye uptake on the skin treated with the bar of theinvention is far less than the control bar treated skin.

The effect of the bar of the invention (1% superfat, 1% dimethicone60,000 centistokes, 3.5% petrolatum, 0.6% Polyquat 6) on barrierintegrity of the skin is measured by the following procedure:

Pig skin is treated with 5% product aqueous solutions. The skin isexposed for 24 hour to the solutions. Following this exposure, the skinis exposed to tritiated water and skin penetration by the tritiatedwater is measured. The barrier integrity is assessed in terms of thepermeability coefficient (Kp) of H₂O. The procedure is repeated using 5%control solutions on fresh pig skin. The results show that the bar ofthe invention mitigates induced barrier damage in comparison to thecontrol bar.

The effect of the bar of the invention, previously identified, isassessed for its effect on soap penetration of the skin using thefollowing procedure:

5% soap invention bar solutions are spiked with ¹⁴C-Lauric Acid andtritiated water. The penetration of the pig skin is followed by trackingthe lauric acid (laurate) and water. Punch biopsies of the pig skin areanalyzed to determine soap retained in the skin. The experiment isrepeated with fresh pig skin and control bar solution. The results showthat the invention bar significantly inhibits the penetration of lauricacid through the skin, provides less retention of the lauric acid whileproviding no significant difference in retention of water in the skin,all in comparison to the control. Additionally, as measured by the Kp ofwater, less skin damage is induced.

In vivo tests are also employed to measure the effect of the neatpackage on various skin factors. For example, conductance measured bySKICON is used to measure the degree of skin hydration. A waterdesorption test is used to measure the water holding capacity of skin.Fluorescence is used to measure the extraction of NMF from skin. Waterrepellency of the skin is also measured. Finally, dye uptake is alsomeasured. In each of these test systems, the neat package of dimethiconepetrolatum and Polyquat 6 (1:3.5:0.6) shows a positive effect for theskin, for example, hydration, attracting and holding water, lockingmoisture into the skin and providing a protective shield for the skin.

In vivo tests employing the bar with the active package are also testedversus the control bar in the dye uptake test. There is clearly less dyeuptake when skin is washed with the bar of the invention as opposed tothe control bar.

Additionally, in vivo tests are run on the invention bar compared to thecontrol bar as to the characteristic of mildness. There is significantlyless irritation after repeated use of the invention bar as measured byerythema as visually assessed by a clinician and, as assessed by rednessinstrumentally at the termination of the test. Barrier damage asmeasured by transepidermal water loss at the termination of the test isreduced. Still further, panelists significantly prefer the invention barover the control bar on the basis of mildness.

In summary, the invention solid composition utilizing a hydrophobiccomponent (dimethicone), a hydrocarbonaceous component (petrolatum) anda cationic polymer (Polyquat 6) is clearly superior as a protective skinshield, less irritating, and induces less damage wherein the surfactantis soap (about 70 to about 90 wt. %) than a soap bar without theseagents. The invention bar had 1 wt. % superfatting agent therein. Thecontrol bar did not.

What is claimed is:
 1. A solid cleansing composition which comprises a.about 70 to about 90 wt. % soap, b. about 0.01 to about 1.5 wt. % oftriclocarban or triclosan, c. about 0.5 to about 5 wt. % of petrolatum,and d. about 0.01 to about 3.0 wt. % of cationic polymer.
 2. Thecomposition in accordance with claim 1 wherein (b) is triclocarban. 3.The composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein petrolatum is about0.75 to 4 about 4 wt. % of the composition.
 4. The composition inaccordance with claim 1 wherein the cationic polymer is about 0.02 toabout 0.9 wt. %.
 5. The composition in accordance with claim 1 whereinthe cationic polymer is polymeric dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride(polyquat 6) or the polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of acrylamide anddimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (polyquat 7).
 6. The composition inaccordance with claim 5 wherein the cationic polymer is polymericdimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride.
 7. The composition in accordancewith claim 6 wherein the solid is in bar form.
 8. The composition inaccordance with claim 2 wherein petrolatum is about 0.75 to about 4 wt.% of the composition.
 9. The composition in accordance with claim 2wherein the cationic polymer is about 0.02 to about 0.9 wt. %.
 10. Thecomposition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the cationic polymer ispolymeric dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (polyquat 6) or thepolymeric quatemary ammonium salt of acrylamide and dimethyl diallylammonium chloride (polyquat 7).
 11. The composition in accordance withclaim 10 wherein the cationic polymer is polymeric dimethyl diallylammonium chloride.
 12. The composition in accordance with claim 11wherein the solid is in bar form.